Android 프로젝트 트러블슈팅

개발용 기기 스펙

• 갤럭시 A52s
• 안드로이드 버전 : 14 (One UI 버전 : 6.0)
• 커널 버전 : 5.4.233

안드로이드 스튜디오 프로젝트 설정

Android Studio Iguana | 2023.2.1
Build #AI-232.10227.8.2321.11479570, built on February 22, 2024
Runtime version: 17.0.9+0–11185874 amd64
VM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM by JetBrains s.r.o.
Windows 10.0
GC: G1 Young Generation, G1 Old Generation
Memory: 2048M
Cores: 12

Project Template : Phone and Tablet – Empty Views Activity

초기 코드

package com.woohahaapps.emptyviewsactivity

import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.activity.enableEdgeToEdge
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.core.view.ViewCompat
import androidx.core.view.WindowInsetsCompat

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        enableEdgeToEdge()
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener(findViewById(R.id.main)) { v, insets ->
            val systemBars = insets.getInsets(WindowInsetsCompat.Type.systemBars())
            v.setPadding(systemBars.left, systemBars.top, systemBars.right, systemBars.bottom)
            insets
        }
    }
}

build.gradle.kts (Module :app)

plugins {
    alias(libs.plugins.androidApplication)
    alias(libs.plugins.jetbrainsKotlinAndroid)
}

android {
    namespace = "com.woohahaapps.emptyviewsactivity"
    compileSdk = 34

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId = "com.woohahaapps.emptyviewsactivity"
        minSdk = 16
        targetSdk = 34
        versionCode = 1
        versionName = "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            isMinifyEnabled = false
            proguardFiles(
                getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android-optimize.txt"),
                "proguard-rules.pro"
            )
        }
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = "1.8"
    }
}

dependencies {

    implementation(libs.androidx.core.ktx)
    implementation(libs.androidx.appcompat)
    implementation(libs.material)
    implementation(libs.androidx.activity)
    implementation(libs.androidx.constraintlayout)
    testImplementation(libs.junit)
    androidTestImplementation(libs.androidx.junit)
    androidTestImplementation(libs.androidx.espresso.core)
}

Project Template : Phone and Tablet – Empty Activity

Project Template : Phone and Tablet – Basic Views Activity

Project Template : Phone and Tablet – Bottom Navigation Views Activity

 

This operation requires the libraries androidx.navigation:navigation-fragment-ktx:+, androidx.navigation:navigation-ui-ktx:+.  
Problem: Inconsistencies in the existing project dependencies found. Version incompatibility between: - androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime:2.7.0 and: - androidx.core:core-ktx:1.12.0  With the dependency: - androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common:[2.7.0] versus: - androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common:2.3.1  
The project may not compile after adding these libraries. Would you like to add them anyway?

초기코드

package com.woohahaapps.bottomnavigationviewsactivity

import android.os.Bundle
import com.google.android.material.bottomnavigation.BottomNavigationView
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.navigation.findNavController
import androidx.navigation.ui.AppBarConfiguration
import androidx.navigation.ui.setupActionBarWithNavController
import androidx.navigation.ui.setupWithNavController
import com.woohahaapps.bottomnavigationviewsactivity.databinding.ActivityMainBinding

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    private lateinit var binding: ActivityMainBinding

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)

        binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
        setContentView(binding.root)

        val navView: BottomNavigationView = binding.navView

        val navController = findNavController(R.id.nav_host_fragment_activity_main)
        // Passing each menu ID as a set of Ids because each
        // menu should be considered as top level destinations.
        val appBarConfiguration = AppBarConfiguration(
            setOf(
                R.id.navigation_home, R.id.navigation_dashboard, R.id.navigation_notifications
            )
        )
        setupActionBarWithNavController(navController, appBarConfiguration)
        navView.setupWithNavController(navController)
    }
}

build.gradle.kts (Module :app)

plugins {
    alias(libs.plugins.androidApplication)
    alias(libs.plugins.jetbrainsKotlinAndroid)
}

android {
    namespace = "com.woohahaapps.bottomnavigationviewsactivity"
    compileSdk = 34

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId = "com.woohahaapps.bottomnavigationviewsactivity"
        minSdk = 16
        targetSdk = 34
        versionCode = 1
        versionName = "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            isMinifyEnabled = false
            proguardFiles(
                getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android-optimize.txt"),
                "proguard-rules.pro"
            )
        }
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = "1.8"
    }
    buildFeatures {
        viewBinding = true
    }
}

dependencies {

    implementation(libs.androidx.core.ktx)
    implementation(libs.androidx.appcompat)
    implementation(libs.material)
    implementation(libs.androidx.constraintlayout)
    implementation(libs.androidx.vectordrawable)
    implementation(libs.androidx.lifecycle.livedata.ktx)
    implementation(libs.androidx.lifecycle.viewmodel.ktx)
    implementation(libs.androidx.navigation.fragment.ktx)
    implementation(libs.androidx.navigation.ui.ktx)
    testImplementation(libs.junit)
    androidTestImplementation(libs.androidx.junit)
    androidTestImplementation(libs.androidx.espresso.core)
}

TroubleShooting

Manifest merger failed : uses-sdk:minSdkVersion 16 cannot be smaller than version 19 declared in library [androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.7.0] C:\Users\woohaha\.gradle\caches\transforms-3\3c6479807068f2cdc71f3da8d2f1d68f\transformed\lifecycle-runtime-ktx-2.7.0\AndroidManifest.xml as the library might be using APIs not available in 16
 Suggestion: use a compatible library with a minSdk of at most 16,
 or increase this project's minSdk version to at least 19,
 or use tools:overrideLibrary="androidx.lifecycle.ktx" to force usage (may lead to runtime failures)

status bar, navigation bar

출처: https://yj95.tistory.com/558

Activity 에서 id 인식 안될 경우

참고 : https://kangmin1012.tistory.com/43, https://todaycode.tistory.com/29, https://jdroid.tistory.com/7

Android Studio 4.1 부터 kotlin extension plugin(kotlin-android-extensions) 이 deprecated 되었음.

kotlin extension plugin(kotlin-android-extensions) 은 findViewById 대신 View의 Id를 직접 사용할 수 있게 하는 플러그인이다.

ViewBinding 을 사용해야 함.

build.gradle
...
android {
...
//    // 안드로이드 스튜디오 3.6 ~ 4.0
//    viewBinding {
//        enabled = true
//    }
    // 안드로이드 스튜디오 4.0 이상
    buildFeatures {
        viewBinding = true
    }
}
...

Activity 클래스에서 사용하는 방법

Java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 
    private ActivityMainBinding binding;
 
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater()); // 1
        setContentView(binding.getRoot()); // 2
    }
 
    private void updateUI(UserProfile userProfile){
        binding.name.setText("아이유"); // 3
        binding.phone.setText("010-1111-2222");
        binding.address.setText("사랑시 고백구 행복동");
    }
}

Kotlin

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    private lateinit var binding: ActivityMainBinding

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
        setContentView(binding.root)
 
        binding.textView.text = "안녕"
    }
}

프래그먼트에서는…

Java

class BlankFragment : Fragment() {
    private FragmentBlankBinding binding;
 
    @Override
    public View onCreateView (LayoutInflater inflater,
                              ViewGroup container,
                              Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        binding = FragmentBlankBinding.inflate(inflater, container, false);
        View view = binding.getRoot();
        return view;
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onDestroyView() {
        super.onDestroyView();
        binding = null;
    }
}

Kotlin

class BlankFragment : Fragment() {
 
    private var _binding: FragmentBlankBinding? = null
    
    // This property is only valid between onCreateView and
    // onDestroyView.
    private val binding get() = _binding!!
 
    override fun onCreateView(
        inflater: LayoutInflater,
        container: ViewGroup?,
        savedInstanceState: Bundle?
    ): View? {
        _binding = FragmentBlankBinding.inflate(inflater, container, false)
        val view = binding.root
        return view
    }
    
    override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)
        binding.textView.text = "안녕"
    }
 
    override fun onDestroyView() {
        super.onDestroyView()
        _binding = null
    }
}

github 에서 내려받은 프로젝트를 빌드하는 중 오류 발생

Caused by: org.codehaus.groovy.control.MultipleCompilationErrorsException: startup failed:

Unsupported Java. 
Your build is currently configured to use Java 17.0.9 and Gradle 7.0.2.

참고 : JAVA 17 Gradle 버전 이슈

Java 17은 gradle 7.3 버전부터 지원하는데, 현재의 gradle 버전은 7.0.2이다. 따라서 gradle 버전을 올려주면 해결된다.

발생한 에러가 표시된 곳 아래쪽의 링크를 누르면 알아서 진행해준다. 위 그림은 7.2 버전까지 자동으로 업그레이드한 모습이다.

console output 에 한글 깨짐

참고: https://freehoon.tistory.com/146

Shift 키를 두 번 연속 입력하고 vm 을 입력한다. “Edit Custom VM Options…” 항목을 선택하고, 아래 옵션 항목을 추가한다.

-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8

Android Studio 를 재시작한다.